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The Claddagh ring () is a traditional Irish ring given which represents love, loyalty, and friendship (the hands represent friendship, the heart represents love, and the crown represents loyalty).〔George Frederick Kunz. (1911.) ''(Rings for the Finger: From the Earliest Known Times, to the Present, with Full Descriptions of the Origin, Early Making, Materials, the Archaeology, History, for Affection, for Love, for Engagement, for Wedding, Commemorative, Mourning, Etc. )'', J. B. Lippincott Co.〕〔William Jones. (1890.) ''(Finger Ring Lore: Historical, Legendary, Anecdotal )'', Chatto and Windus, London.〕 The design and customs associated with it originated in the Irish fishing village of Claddagh, located just outside the old city walls of Galway, now part of Galway City.〔George Quinn. (1970.) (The Claddagh Ring ), ''The Mantle'', 13:9–13.〕 The ring, as currently known, was first produced in the 17th century.〔Jack Mulveen. (1994.) "Galway Goldsmiths, Their Marks and Ware", ''Journal of the Galway Archaeological and Historical Society'', (46:43–64 ).〕 ==Description== The Claddagh ring belongs to a group of European finger rings called "''fede'' rings".〔Scarisbrick and Henig, Finger Rings, Oxford: Ashmolean Museum, 2003〕 The name "''fede''" derives from the Italian phrase ' ("hands () in faith" or "hands () in loyalty"). These rings date from Roman times, when the gesture of clasped hands was a symbol of pledging vows, and they were used as engagement/wedding rings in medieval and Renaissance Europe.〔〔 ''Fede'' rings are distinctive in that the bezel is cut or cast to form two clasped hands that symbolize faith and trust〔Philip Freid (1990), ''Legend of the Claddagh'', https://thecladdagh.com/the_legend_of_the_ring〕 or "plighted troth".〔Aubrey, John, ''Miscellanies'', London, 1696: "I have seen some Rings made for sweet-hearts, with a Heart enamelled held between two right hands."〕 The Claddagh ring is a variation on the ''fede'' ring, while the hands, heart, and crown motif was used in England in the early 18th century.〔(Enamelled gold fede ring, set with rose-cut diamonds in silver collets, with a crowned heart held by two hands inscribed ) "Dudley & Katherine united 26.Mar. 1706" — Victoria and Albert Museum〕 Towards the end of the 20th century there was an explosion of interest in the Claddagh Ring, both as jewellery and as an icon of Irish identity. In recent years it has been embellished with interlace designs and combined with other Celtic and Irish symbols, but this is a very recent phenomenon that corresponds with the worldwide expansion in popularity of the Claddagh ring as an emblem of Irish identity.〔 Stephen Walker (2013.) ''The Modern History of Celtic Jewellery: 1840-1980'', Walker Metalsmiths ISBN 9780615805290.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「claddagh ring」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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